Great Barrier Reef has lost half its corals since 1985, new study says - Washington Post [fornadablog.blogspot.com]
Question by Anthony: What is a fair price to pay for an "in-water" hull cleaning? What is a fair price to pay for an "in-water" hull cleaning? i have a 27' sailboat and a 46' sailboat. ill be in the Florida Keys soon and want to know what is an average or likely price to pay for a cleaning. thanks Best answer for What is a fair price to pay for an "in-water" hull cleaning?:
Answer by Bardic Answer by kenbgray Answer by adirolffun Answer by cat38skip
Bets way is to go over the side with scraper & scrubbing brush - that way you can inspect the hull at the same time.
Around 3.50 to 5.00 dollars a foot and they will also give you a report on the condition of the hull.
If you can get a 5.00 in water, jump on it! Reality is, it will cost you more like 10 bucks a foot depending on how bad they are. More growth, the price goes up.
Whatever the going rate is in your area. I pay about $ 70 for a cleaning every 3 months for my 38' here on SF Bay ... Plus the cost of zincs if necessary. Well worth it considering the temperature of the water. Check with dive services in your area and other owners in your marina.
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Add me on Facebook (click the LIKE button on facebook to add me) www.facebook.com This is really simple but has such an awesome effect. Fill a bucket full of water and place it about 5 feet off the ground. Place a subwoofer about 1 foot lower than the bucket. Run a plastic tube from the top bucket down in front of the subwoofer. Tape the tube to the front of the speaker. Then aim the end of the tube to an empty bucket on the floor. Get the water flowing from the top bucket. Now just generate a 24 hz sine wave and set your camera to 24 fps and watch the magic happen. Basically your cameras frame rate is synced up with the rate of the vibrations of the water so it appears to be frozen or still. Now if you play a 23 hz sine wave your frame rate will be off just a little compared to the sine wave causing the water to "move backward" or so as it appears. You can play a 25 hz sine wave and cause the water to move slowly foward. Really fun experiment. You should definitely give it a try. Thanks to JacobTMcgarry for giving me the OK to create my own version based on his original video: www.youtube.com Cool Sound and Water Experiment!
[fornadablog.blogspot.com], Great Barrier Reef has lost half its corals since 1985, new study says - Washington Post
Australia’s Great Barrier Reef has lost more than half its coral cover since 1985, according to a new study published Monday. The loss has been spurred by a combination of factors including hurricanes, coral-eating starfish and coral bleaching.
The paper, in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, is the most comprehensive survey of a reef system over such a long period. The researchers from the Australian Institute of Marine Science found that reef cover fell from 28 percent to 13.8 percent over the past 27 years, with two-thirds of the decline occurring since 1998.
The sobering findings highlighted how even the world’s most protected marine areas are under assault from natural forces and causes linked to the human activity that is resulting in climate change. The Great Barrier Reef is the world’s largest coral reef ecosystem, featuring nearly 3,000 individual reefs within 133,205 square miles. A third of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park is off-limits to fishing and collecting.
“We are basically losing an ecosystem that is so iconic for Australia and the rest of the world,†said institute scientist Katharina E. Fabricius, one of the paper’s authors.
Storm damage accounted for 48 percent of the decline, scientists said, while crown-of-horns starfish contributed 42 percent. Coral bleaching, caused by warmer water, accounted for 10 percent of coral loss.
Researchers warned that Australian officials will have to step up efforts to curb controllable threats, such as coral-eating starfish, because they are easier to target than intense storms and rising ocean temperatures.
John Gunn, chief executive of the Australian Institute of Marine Science, said scientists need to learn about the periodic population explosions of crown-of-thorns starfish, a native pest.
“The study shows that in the absence of crown-of-thorns, coral cover would increase at 0.89 percent per year, so even with losses due to cyclones and bleaching there should be slow recovery,†Gunn said in a statement.
Nutrient runoff appears to be fueling the crown-of-thorns starfish boom: The authors note that these outbreaks occurred once in every 50 to 80 years before European agricultural runoff began. They now average once every 15 years.
Nancy Knowlton, a coral reef biologist at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, said the finding will be “a shock to the system†that could force Australians to focus on improving their water quality.
“If anyone’s going to do it, it’s going to be the Australians, because they really care about the Great Barrier Reef,†she said in an interview. She added that these measures will “buy you real time but not infinite time,†at which point countries will have to cut the carbon emissions that are raising sea temperatures and making the ocean more acidic.
At a conference on
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