Thursday, October 4, 2012

Duck-billed dinosaurs had hundreds of complex teeth - Los Angeles Times [fornadablog.blogspot.com]

Duck-billed dinosaurs had hundreds of complex teeth - Los Angeles Times [fornadablog.blogspot.com]

Please check out my other Nail videos and let me know what you think! I love feedback! www.youtube.com Please get this to 20000 likes!! It helps me to keep going, if you have any questions post a comment or send me a message. Please feel free to feature this video! Thank you in advance! Here are the instructions, hope this is helpful! 1. Pour room temperature water into a disposable cup or a glass cup or even a shot glass, almost to the top. Open all bottles of polish and place them within reach. The reason you have your nail polishes ready is because you will have to work fairly quickly. 2. Drop one or two drops of polish onto the surface of the water. The nail polish should spread out and make a circle on the water. If it drops to the bottom without creating a circle on the surface, try a different nail polish. This color is your base color for the marble effect, meaning it will show the most. (Try not to hold your brush to high or the polish will drop to the bott om and also use a polish that is thin) FYI, thicker nail polishes tend to have problems spreading in the water. 3. Drop one or two drops of your second color of nail polish on top of your base color. It should create a smaller circle on top of your base color. (Another tip, if you polish doesn't spread easily you can also try to shake your cup or glass a bit to help the process) 4. Continue with each color that you would like to add to the effect. You can use many colors or you can use only two or three colors ... # 20 HowTo: Perfect Water Marble Nail Art Tutorial - 5 Designs in One


[fornadablog.blogspot.com], Duck-billed dinosaurs had hundreds of complex teeth - Los Angeles Times

The duck-billed dinosaurs called hadrosaurids sported hundreds of bewilderingly complex teeth that were optimized for grinding away at the fibrous plants they ate, according to a new study.

The hadrosaurids' teeth are made of six distinct materials, according to the report, published Thursday by the journal Science. That makes the teeth far more complex than humans', which are primarily made of two materials, enamel and orthodentine. They are even more complex than the teeth of horses and buffalo, which are made of four materials and also evolved to grind away at plant matter. The hadrosaurids have what scientists call a "dental battery," meaning they have hundreds of teeth that work together when they eat, with new teeth "erupting" into the mouth all the time.

The scientists, led by Greg Erickson of Florida State University, had noticed that the tooth fossils t hey had of hadrosaurids showed the type of "self-wear" seen in horse and buffalo teeth, where grinding of the teeth against plants leads teeth to change in shape and become ever more effective chompers. This effect generally requires a diverse array of materials within the teeth, something scientists had yet to demonstrate with hadrosaurids even though the fossils had all the signs of self-wear, including crests and basins across the chewing surface.

In addition to an outer coating of enamel and internal orthodentine, the hadrosaurid teeth also had two other types of dentine of varying hardness, as well as a material called giant tubule and a material called cementum.

In our teeth, cementum plays a bit role helping a tooth stay fixed to a root. But in the hadrosaurid teeth, cementum is found throughout the tooth, helping to strengthen and support exposed portions of the tooth that might otherwise chip while grinding hard plant matter. All six materials and the di fferent ways they wore down played a role in the dinosaur's ability to grind and eat plant matter.

The researchers found that the distribution of different materials throughout the teeth meant that as new teeth erupted, the different stages of wear of different teeth led to an ever-changing, dynamic chewing surface that worked much like a nail file.

As part of the study, the group measured the hardness of each of the materials present in the tooth. With this information, they created a 3-D model of the hadrosaurid tooth that showed how they would wear down from eating, beginning with the first exposure of the chewing surface. The model closely matched the fossils.

The scientists believe the complexity of the dinosaur's dentition contributed greatly to its success -- the hadrosaurids are believed to have been the dominant herbivore of their era, with populations spread across present-day Asia, North America, and Europe.

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Question by NemisisNaxus911: What do all the "Breath of Water" commands do in From Dust? -SPOILER WARNING- I recently purchased the game From Dust on the Xbox Live Marketplace, and I have reached a level in which I have unlocked the "Breath of Water" but I dont know what they all do, can anybody help me with this? Best answer for What do all the "Breath of Water" commands do in From Dust?:

Answer by MontyBlenheim
Pressing Y creates a source of continually flowing water, pressing B removes it. Holding Y creates a tsunami, while holding B seems to have a similar effect to the power "evaporate water" For those who want to know, with lava its: Y: create a small volcano spurt Y (hold): Create and erupt a large volcano B: remove volcano (big and small) B(hold): collapses land (to create an area for lava to flow, similar to in levels) and for Breath of Plants: Y: Place fire/water/bomb plant. Toggle through different types of plant when on top of one. Y (hold): Populate large area with plants B: Remove fire/water/bomb plant. B (hold): Remove plants over a large area RT and LT always place/remove the specific element

Recommend What do all the "Breath of Water" commands do in From Dust? Topics

You quench my thirsting soul and you fill my appetite I give myself to you because you treat me right Put my trust in the world and the world gets tight Shift my trust to you it's like a crystal clear night Expand in all directions get the sections to unite Hashem's rays fire blaze light my way light of my life And these days well wait no longer night reaching for my Gd like skyscrapers in the night I said I know its hard inside is empty galus (exile) cuts like a knife Internalize torah vibes bound to feel alright Chorus: Whirlwind of praise from below to above Take flight in the sky got wings like a dove, Soaring to shamayim (heaven) where the angels call in love And the glory of Hashem fits like a glove Hashem rules the world and Israel is his wife Love you yes my Gd with all my heart my soul and my might When I feel you by my side yes I'm flying like a kite You open up my eyes and give me sight Super energized and everyday I feel you give me life I seen the ways of the world intoxifying on pride Young man don't you know drugs impurify your mind When Israel left mitzrayim four fifths got left behind If you got no water how you gonna survive Roots lead you to the well springs so you could stay alive Pharaoh claimed to be a Gd and claimed to make the Nile A crocodile could smile and show his teeth You could see beauty shining externally but that's the story of Greece Inside America bleeds, Israel won't you get up from your knees Its just lies in disguise Torah's truth won ... Matisyahu - Got no Water

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